Approach

The OpenSuperQPlus project aims to build a quantum computer that, in certain tasks, by far outperforms today’s classical supercomputers by moving from

…Classical Parallel Computing…

…to Quantum Computing…

Candidate applications:

• Quantum simulation in chemistry and materials science
• Optimisation
• Network analysis
• Signal processing
• Machine learning
• Quantum error correction

Quantum advantages:

• parallel computing without parallel hardware
• maximum of parallel processes: simultaneously processing the whole input

Quantum challenge:

• Probabilistic nature of quantum physics in measurement, readout, sampling
• Sensitivity of quantum computing systems to noise

The Stack – The Overall Framework of OpenSuperQPlus

The targeted quantum computing system of up to 1,000 qubits consists of a full hard- and software stack to which all technical project partners contribute in their respective areas of expertise.

The Hardware

Processor based on superconducting integrated circuits plus supporting technology: microwave electronics, control infrastructure and cryogenics.

Superconductor

• A quantum state showing lossless electrical conduction
• Common in metals (e.g. Al, Nb)
• Occuring at low temperature

Josephson Junction

• Thin barrier between superconductors

The Inner Part

• Left panel: A Josephson Junction at the heart of the qubit
• Right panel: A cross-shaped qubit with a Josephson Junction at the upper tip
• Cross-shape for connectivity

The Outer Part

• The chip must be connected to input and output
• Control: double chip package
• Bridges and pins required

Cryogenics

• Helium dilution cryostat
• Copper plates to maintain uniform temperature at different stages
• Input/output: large wiring load
• The shown insert is in an operated steel can

Control Electronics

• Qubit control and readout
• Scalable to large channel number
• Low latency and high synchronisation accuracy
• Specialised signal processing

The Software

The software stack will be integrated from user access all the way to low-level control and run in a central facility

• Programming interface for users
• Operable in a high-performance computing environment
• Tight integration with classical computers

System Integration

The quantum computing demonstrators built in OpenSuperQPlus with a full hardware and software stack will be made available to users from science and industry via the Dutch cloud platform Quantum Inspire.

QC demonstrator sites are:

• Netherlands: Delft University of Technology
• Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology
• Germany: Walther Meissner Institute